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Department of Race – A Commentary

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When The Aborigines Aren't

Alabama State Legislature image

Scott Beason, Alabama’s powerful state senator and chairman of their rules committee, has issued a mea culpa over his remarks concerning Blacks which were picked up on an FBI surveillance tape as part of the ubiquitous corruption cases that seem to plague any place where gambling is permissible. Beason was working for the FBI so he presumably knew he was being taped. Press reports indicate that the tape was played during a trial and Senator Beason has been confronted with his inflammatory remarks. Here they are:

"That's y'all's Indians," one Republican said.

"They're aborigines, but they're not Indians," Beason replied. (NYT)

His use of the term "aborigines" as an apparent stand-in for African-Americans is resulting in calls for him to step down from his leadership position, at least. The press has also called the term "racially charged."

Perhaps Scott Beason was assuming that all aborigines are black, since some are, including in Australia. Of course, aboriginal people are defined as the earliest known populations of a region, thus they may be of many other races, as they are in Canada and elsewhere.

Ironically, Native Americans (as in: "That's y'all's Indians") are American aborigines. Blacks are not only not originally from America, but were brought here forcefully and in bondage. They are the least aboriginal of peoples. Could they have gotten it more wrong?

A further irony is that in popular culture, aboriginal people, both Native Americans and Australians, are venerated for their wisdom and unique cultural folkways as in the Australian "walkabout." Thus, if the term was employed in a negative connotation, it backfired.

epress.anu.edu.au

It is true that racism properly turns on intent, but if this qualifies, it’s only by the skin of its (aboriginal) teeth. This is far more a case of ignorance run riot. Were he to be stripped of his leadership position it should be for the far more compelling reason of a desperately low IQ. (Though admittedly, if a low IQ becomes a bar to elective office, many chairs will be empty.)

In the end, the concern with the "head on a platter" approach to all charges of racism is that we will inevitably lose our sense of moral outrage at those acts of racial hatred that are truly borne of malice and premeditation.

That would be a tragedy.

………. Eric Lamar

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Campaign 2012 – A Commentary

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Religiosity

To this day, people continue to find Jackie Kennedy Onassis an irresistible icon with her refined bearing and regal features. It’s no surprise then that the recent release of hours of interviews she conducted in 1964 with Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., are creating such a stir. She was just 34 at the time so her opinions were hardly leavened with the wisdom of years but they are never-the-less interesting and sometimes telling. My favorite is her admission that President Kennedy went to Catholic Mass without fail, not because he was especially devoted but rather because as she said, "he wasn’t quite sure, but if it was that way, he wanted to have that on his side." She chalked it up to JFK’s being superstitious. When in doubt, be devout.

John Kennedy was in good company where a certain amount of religious ambivalence is concerned. George Washington much preferred to stay at home on Mount Vernon Sundays. He was also known for his characterization of God as "Divine Providence", the belief that God was more likely to be simply directing things from above as opposed to being overly interested in our earthly expressions of piety. Washington, like Thomas Jefferson, was famously tolerant of other faiths and religions, believed in religious liberty and avoided discussing his religious views in public.

"Lincoln" by Alexander Gardner

Jefferson, when writing about Washington’s ability to avoid revealing his religious views, referred to him as "The Old Fox" and "cunning." It’s hard not to conclude that Jefferson was writing admiringly. Washington’s religious slipperiness was a conscious act, a sort of 18th century Don’t Ask/Don’t Tell. Abraham Lincoln was similarly circumspect about public expressions of devotion. Lincoln’s law partner and friend, William Herndon, said that his beliefs were grounded in universal law and evolution. Lincoln had apparently concluded that the acceptance of evolution was not a bar to a belief in a supreme being.

As a Republican, Lincoln wouldn’t make the cut today. These days’ leaders of all stripes feel compelled to associate themselves with Christian symbolism and the more fundamental, the better. Presidents and presidential candidates yammer on about God, prayer, faith and church as if the failure to do so makes them less qualified to lead. More than one Republican candidate for the presidency is quite comfortable with the repudiation of evolution as the explanation for earthly and human development.

At least two issues are worrying. The first is, of course, the apparent need to inject one’s religion into government. The other is the inclination for some candidates to disregard widely respected scientific conclusions in deference to the literal interpretation of religious texts. I’m all for faith, but logic has a place, too. Do we really want national leaders who actually believe that the world was created over the course of 6 days a couple of thousand years ago?

If Abraham Lincoln, who rose to the presidency after the equivalent of one year of formal education, could intellectually reconcile evolution with the existence of God, what are we to think of the current presidential aspirants and their bloated resumes?

Not much.

………. Eric Lamar

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We’re So Naughty

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Sex and Firefighting

 

 

My colleague Firegeezer ran a story HERE yesterday about two LAFD engine crews purportedly assisting in the filming of sexually explicit media by leaving their rig unattended so that "stars" could use them as a prop. The NBC affiliate played a portion of the film where a woman exposed herself to strangers as LAFD crew members seemed to watch, innocently enough, with the engine in the background.

The news story is being pitched as another example of the "firefighters act unprofessionally" genre, (yawn), complete with an on-camera interview with an outraged LAFD fire official. Much more interesting is the choice of material and set, as well as the overall subject of sexual desire and firefighting.

Just what makes a fire engine sexual, anyway?

Well, let’s go beyond the propriety of having the rig do "double duty" as a porn prop and dwell on the fascinating "why" of it. Some thoughts come to mind.

- First, fire is implicitly sexual. After all, an especially lusty sexual object or act is "hot", as in, "you’re HOT." In fact, some arsonists derive sexual pleasure from fire-setting and many are those who suggest that the line between starting them and putting them out is thinner than we would like to think.

- More practically, it was a cheap way for firefighters to ogle some female flesh (though the eventual cost may be exorbitant.) And, perhaps they stored those images up for later use…or not so later. (Is that against the rules, too?)

- It obviously provided a visual backdrop, a fire engine, that people associate with excitement, danger, risk, and thrills—things, that coincidentally and at least in the abstract, makes sex better.

- Finally, it was OUTDOORS, another curious enhancer of sexual desire what with the chance of getting caught with your pants down, literally. For many, sexual activity is all about the specter of getting caught—it heightens the experience. Since risk is essential to firefighting, images of firefighting could elevate sexual tension by implying risk visually.

The firefighters failed the creativity test, though, at least in the footage I saw, by failing to have the "star" dress up in turnout gear, which is of course, a huge turn-on. Who, after all, doesn’t like a good costume as part of the fun? (And what firefighter hasn’t been asked (at least once) to dress up for bedtime?)

Of course, costumes pave the way for a little "role play" where participants are allowed, encouraged even, to exchange their everyday personas for their alter egos where they can cast-off or take-on power as part of the fulfillment of sexual desire in a fantasy environment. Many assume that sex is about power but equally so it is apparently about the giving up of it as in the recent NYT story of a police officer who "put on adult diapers, women’s dresses or ladies tights and masturbated while he forced his wife to watch." (Watching should be strictly voluntary.)

Perhaps the real problem with the LAFD scenario is the selfish choice of female stars offering up their forbidden treasure in our profession where women are constantly harassed and more as they just try to do their jobs. I wonder if the crew from E-263 thought about having some hunky, ripped dude with 6-pack abs get up there and show off the package?

Examiner.com

 Like I said, watching would be strictly voluntary. (Not that there’s anything wrong with that.) 

………. Eric Lamar

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The Other Anniversary – A Commentary

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10/07/11

Bakhat Kahn, a local carpenter in the Lower Dir District of Pakistan, was killed in a motor vehicle accident a little over a week ago. One official described him as "an ordinary soul", even so, there were some 200 people attending his funeral a few days later. During the service a bearded man ran out of a nearby field, into the crowd of mourners and detonated explosives strapped to his body. In the midst of remembering one man’s life and death, at least 26 died and fifty more were injured.

Bombing aftermath  (New York Times / Reuters)

Newspaper reports indicate that the Lower Dir is a refuge for pro-Taliban forces from Afghanistan. Kahn, a member of the anti-Taliban Mashwani Tribe which spreads across both Pakistan and Afghanistan, seems to have simply been a target of opportunity to wreak additional havoc and to further destabilize a war-torn environment.

We have long since learned that the Afghan/Pakistan border is a demarcation without distinction. Friend and foe alike cross and re-cross at will and with impunity. This is a place where the term "lawless" utterly fails to describe reality: a setting where funeral mourners are targets for terrorists.

October 7, 2011, will mark the 10th anniversary of the start of the war in Afghanistan. We went there with the stated aims of destroying Al Qaeda, removing the Taliban and to "create a viable democratic state."

Today, there are over 130,000 coalition troops serving there. Since the war began some 1750 have been killed and another 10,000 injured. Thousands more bear the invisible scars of battle that will be felt everyday for a lifetime. Suicides are an all too common occurrence among returning troops.

Ten years is a good, if long time to pause and re-evaluate any human endeavor. It seems that military operations combined with covert activities, including the extensive (and increasing) use of drones have both destabilized and then decimated Al Qaeda. Though drones are no panacea, they allow the opportunity to put into place a dual surveillance and strike capability that has thinned the ranks of their leadership. It has the added and immeasurable benefit of requiring fewer troops on the ground.

Our other war aims, destroying the Taliban and forging a democratic state, are proving absurd. Afghanistan is the home of a millennial culture of tribalism where the idea of pledging fidelity to a nation-state is beyond alien. Over time the Afghan tribes have shown their thorough disdain for countries that arrive within their borders with the notion of instituting their various ideologies. The British failed with colonialism, the USSR failed with communism and we are close behind with democracy. Afghans are more likely to cleverly "use the usurper" to further short term gains than to bend to the will of any regime or system of government.

After ten years of blood, toil and misery our attempt at democratic nation-building is best exemplified by the insanity of a place where it’s not even safe to mourn the dead.

It’s time to bring the troops home—we have done what we can do.

………. Eric Lamar

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9/11 Thoughts of Eric Lamar

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343

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Ten years after, the number continues to defy believability in its astounding size.

Never before had the profession of firefighting experienced such an extraordinary cataclysm. It was beyond the realm of imagination, contemplation or nightmare.

Today that same sentiment or feeling remains. It is true that life has gone on and they say that the Fire Department has been re-built but the stunning magnitude of the loss will stay with us always, immune to the passage of time.

Those numbers, three-four-three, define the before and after of our profession, a gigantic breach eluding comprehension.

In our minds and indeed in the minds of most Americans, firefighting has always been associated with a degree of selfless service which extends beyond the notions of job, work and profession. Those 343, in their collective sacrifice, transcended the expectations of mortals, even of the heroic men.

On this tenth anniversary we can struggle to do them justice by remembering their individual uniqueness while at the same we will forever marvel at their sense of duty and commitment on a day that both defined our greatest loss as well as the bravery and courage of firefighters, for all time.

………. Eric Lamar

(Note:  This is the third entry of Eric's 9/11 trilogy.  You can read the first two HERE and HERE.)

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9/11 in Memory and Memorial

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I traveled to New York last week to see War Horse, a play about the First World War as seen through the eyes of Joey, a horse, sold by his owner into army service. Joey serves with utterly useless distinction in the British Calvary on the fields of France before being captured by the Germans.  In a way, it is a memorial to the marathon of horrors we call war, absent the granite and marble.

Michael Morpurgo

Being in New York on the eve of the tenth anniversary of September 2011 and seeing a play about the senseless losses of World War I makes me wonder how the terrorist attacks will become part of our collective American Experience, as all great events must with the passage of time.

Today, we know it as a date, as in December 7th, its emotional and historic predecessor. We employ the short-hand form of the three digits of its month and day, 9/11.  Those two numbers, nine-eleven, conjure up the jarring images of a sunny and peaceful day which ends with the deaths of thousands in a whirlwind of billowing dust.  But, will our understanding of the event stop there?

The slogan for 9/11, or at least one of them, is "Never Forget" but surely that is inevitable to a degree, as those that witnessed it first-hand and those that felt the loss the greatest grow up, and grow old.  Time does heal all wounds mostly by obscuring anguish in a fog of distant and hazy memories though even the densest fog will occasionally lift revealing the stark landscapes of our lives, with all our valleys and peaks. For better or worse, the inescapable fact is that life (and death) goes on.

We attempt to stave off that fading into nothingness by creating monuments and memorials to honor loss and sacrifice.  It is our tradition to create touchstones, literally, where the past becomes real again, if only for an instant.  It is a wonder that a memorial, of any type, can be transformed in our minds into a moment that represents a distant time and place.  I could know no one killed during the First World War and I have never been to a battlefield cemetery in Europe but I can conjure up a powerful vision, none the less, and in that moment the soldiers live, yet.

World War I Memorial.org

It is a case of mind over matter, or rather at the end of the day, it is the mind that matters.  Perhaps the real value of memorials is that they allow those who can't remember, because they were yet unborn, to connect with an act or event and to make it both real and relevant. But great memorials crumble too, and unless the event lives on in our collective consciousness it is destined to disappear over time.

Our remembering now and our desire to memorialize for the future could ultimately be about the need to seek meaning in the most chaotic and inexplicable of events. Memorials may, in a way, allow us to place a kind of metaphysical bookmark, so we can return as we need, to ponder again the "why" of such an occurrence.  In that context, memorials, concrete or otherwise, are crucial.

The "why" of 9/11 remains elusive or even unknowable, left for understanding gained through time and patience, perhaps. 

If time does soften the blow, hopefully it will not prevent those who perished from being remembered as they were; many of them did extraordinary things. 

If we struggle we will see them in our minds as real people first and foremost, before they were swept up in the arm's of history as a three-digit code.

Crystal Inks

……….Eric Lamar

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9/11: Cause and Effect?

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Strategic Interest and Ideology

This coming week we pause to reflect upon the losses of September 11, 2001, and to honor all those killed or injured that day, as well as the families and friends they left behind. It is also fitting that we should remember the many soldiers killed or wounded in the intervening decade as they fought those identified as being responsible: Al Qaeda and their sympathizers.

Khaama.com

Ten years after, we continue to assess responsibility for 9/11 and while Al Qaeda is certainly responsible for the act, the true picture may be more complicated and less precise.

It is accepted and perhaps even inevitable that countries, both democratic and otherwise, will engage in all manner of unseemly alliances as they attempt to protect their strategic interests. These alliances can be uncivil, undemocratic and potentially damaging, but we engage in them none-the-less. That fact, coupled with our very short memory, allows us to repeat our mistakes while engaging in an assessment of responsibility that is often incomplete and sometimes just plain incorrect. (We denied sanctuary to Jews being murdered by the Nazis during World War II and then immediately provided sanctuary to Nazis to aid in the fight against Communism—so much for humanitarianism or the punishment of war crimes.)

Osama bin Laden once served in a strategic alliance with the US as the Afghans fought the Communists over control of their country. We were happy to train, equip and assist bin Laden and his compatriots as it dove-tailed nicely with our needs. Bin Laden was a terrorist then but happily, he was OUR terrorist as he shot down Hind helicopters and plotted the eventual defeat of the Soviets. His was a successful endeavor.

Wired.com

He moved on to more militant religious causes and was furious with one of the world’s least democratic countries, Saudi Arabia, when they invited US troops on to their soil in support of the First Gulf War. America was happy to cozy up to a repressive and tyrannical Saudi government if it secured our supply of oil. It was the presence of the US military in an Islamic country that fanned his hatred of America. We don’t need to like Al Qaeda, we can even hate them if we want, but we need to understand their motivations, whether or not we agree with them.

To paraphrase Britain’s Lord Palmerston, "Nations have no permanent friends, they only have permanent interests." Palmerston is, of course, correct and that fact leads to all sorts of moral and ethical ambiguity where today’s friends are tomorrow’s bitter and deadly enemies. There may not be room for either ethics or morality in foreign policy but that fact alone pre-disposes us to acts of terror and aggression as we selfishly ally ourselves based solely on our interests.

Just days ago the New York Times reported that Libyan documents had been found linking the CIA to Qaddafi and his famously repressive regime. The recovered papers suggest that the US shipped terrorism suspects to Colonel Qaddafi for interrogation. Perhaps in so doing we were only protecting our strategic interests but we should hardly be surprised about future reprisals when we find ourselves in league with Qaddafi, a man whom President Obama said, "had lost the legitimacy to lead." One wonders how the President defines "legitimacy."

The world is a complicated place, indeed.

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Department of Near Miss: Too Much Info? – Conclusion

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Qantas Flight 32 – Conclusion

(This five-part series begins with Part One HERE.)

Parallels for Fire Crews

 Abbreviations: Captain (PIC-pilot in charge), First Officer (FO), Second Officer (SO), Check Captain (CC), Supervising Check Captain (SCC), Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor (ECAM)

The ATSB interim report describes the flight deck ECAM outputs variously as "multiple", "numerous", and "extensive." They refer to "numerous other warnings and alerts" and "continuously sounding warnings." Indeed, the flight crew was faced with 17 different systems warnings, each with its’ own list of actions to be taken. It appears that taking actions based on ECAM instructions caused further changes in some systems, as well. Finally, even key actions such as the discharge of two fire extinguishing systems resulted in conflicting feedback from the ECAM. All of this had to be digested by the flight crew.

The issue of flight crews, civil and military, being overwhelmed with information and sensory outputs has been previously discussed since there is a limit to what the human mind can absorb. As they focused on the ECAM warnings and alerts, the QF-32 crew missed two opportunities to communicate with company resources. It is useful to note that despite this cascade of information that the SO and SCC "returned to the cabin on numerous occasions to visually assess the damage." We may have the data, but we still want to see it with our own eyes.

In this age of information, all professions, including firefighting, can fall prey to the tendency to be inundated with information that may or not be useful. In fact, consumers are generally not in control of the information technology being offered in today’s market. There is intense pressure on companies to constantly provide new hardware and software products and this generally means products that are faster and which provide more data. More and faster may not equate to useable or better. Even when high-volume data systems are extensively integrated their output can be overwhelming especially if the output requires action or must be prioritized.

Where technology is concerned, it is not uncommon for people to be judged on their "savvy" or "with-it-ness" based on the speed, capacity and features of their Smartphone or other handheld device. (God forbid that you don’t have one.) It is easy to see how the ubiquity of these devices and the intense focus on "apps" and speed can bleed over into the assumption that life-safety critical equipment should also be super fast and have a rich menu of features. In fact, the opposite is true. Systems to track or assess interior firefighting operations or personnel or those that monitor key apparatus or PPE functionality should be simple, direct and extremely reliable. Lots of fast data does not necessarily fulfill any of these goals most especially if interpretation is necessary in order to make a decision.

The QF-32 crew obviously got it right despite all of their many challenges for several key reasons:

-They elected to go for a stable environment over the big, fast play so they could fully understand their situation,

- They utilized all of their onboard crew resources to diagnose the problem, determine a solution, and to stay on top of a very fluid and complicated environment,

-Finally, they communicated effectively with each other and with the other crew and passengers.

Great lessons for us, all.

………. Eric Lamar

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Department of Near Miss: Too Much Info? – Part Four

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Qantas Flight 32 – Part Four

(This five-part series begins with Part One HERE.)

Final Approach

Abbreviations: Captain (PIC-pilot in charge), First Officer (FO), Second Officer (SO), Check Captain (CC), Supervising Check Captain (SCC), Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor (ECAM)

Consistent with the fully computerized nature of the A-380, determining the required runway length for a given aircraft is accomplished using a software program known as the Landing Distance Performance Application or LDPA. Various factors are entered, including weight, weather, configuration and systems performance as well as the runway surface. On that day, the LDPA would not generate a landing distance based on the initial information entered into the program. With the knowledge that the runway surface was dry, that parameter was selected and the LDPA indicated a landing could occur with 328 feet remaining on a runway 13,123 long; not much room to spare.

The blown No. 2 engine and the accompanying damage to the wing had resulted in a litany of landing related problems:

-Reverse thrust was only available from the No. 3 engine
-No leading edge slats were available
-There was limited aileron and spoiler control
-Anti-skid braking was restricted to the body landing gear only
-There was limited nosewheel steering
-The nose was likely to pitch up on touchdown
-Maximum braking could not be applied until the nosewheel was on the runway.

With reverse thrust only on the in-board engines and one of those out-of-service, coming to a timely stop would be a challenge.

The approach began from 20 miles out and the crew constantly monitored controllability as the flaps were extended while the final approach speed of 166 knots was maintained. The landing gear was successfully lowered using the emergency extension procedure.

The crew determined that accurate speed control was paramount to avoid either a stall or an over-run. The PIC carefully used the engines to develop the required thrust. The autopilot continuously disconnected when the airspeed dropped 1-knot below approach speed and at 1,000 feet the PIC made the decision to fly the aircraft manually. Because of the extremely small landing margin the landing would be no-flare.

The aircraft touched down with nosewheel contact in about 6 seconds. The PIC initiated full braking and reverse thrust on the No.3 engine. Deceleration was reported as slow but as the aircraft descended through 60 knots the crew was confident of remaining on the runway. Full stop was achieved with 480 feet to spare, or about twice the length of the aircraft.

But, the fun, as it were, was not over. When the engines were shutdown the aircraft unexpectedly lost power leaving just one working radio. In addition, the left body landing gear brakes were registering 1500 degrees Fahrenheit and there was a fuel leak on that side of the aircraft.

The fire department foamed the affected area and requested that the crew shutdown the No. 1 engine. They replied that they had but they were informed by the fire commander that it continued to run. Despite repeated attempts to stop the engine, including discharging the fire extinguisher system, it would not shut down. Eventually the fire department drowned it out with foam and water.

Remarkably, the aircraft was successfully evacuated with no reported injuries.

The Australian Transportation Safety Bureau (ATSB) reported that, "the No. 2 engine had sustained an uncontained failure of the Intermediate Pressure (IP) turbine disc. Sections of the liberated disc penetrated the left wing and the left wing-to-fuselage fairing, resulting in structural and systems damage to the aircraft."

Tomorrow: Conclusion – Parallels for Fire Crews  is posted HERE.

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Department of Near Miss: Too Much Info? – Part Three

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Qantas Flight 32 – Part Three

(This series begins with Part One HERE.)

Abbreviations: Captain (PIC-pilot in charge), First Officer (FO), Second Officer (SO), Check Captain (CC), Supervising Check Captain (SCC), Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor (ECAM)

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QF-32, a Qantas A-380 enroute from Singapore to Sydney, had experienced a series of "bangs" followed by indications of an engine failure and other system failures shortly after take-off.

Instead of returning immediately to Singapore the crew decided to initiate a hold at their current altitude and to take the time to sift through the ECAM messages to gain a full picture of the condition of the aircraft. They contacted Singapore ATC with a request to hold near the airport for about 30 minutes as they worked through the ECAM messages. ATC placed them in a 20 nautical mile racetrack pattern due east of the airport at 7,400 feet. Their primary concern was whether there was enough fuel on board. The assessment was that it was sufficient to achieve the objective. Singapore ATC advised them of reports of aircraft components being located on the island of Batam, which they crossed on climb-out.

While the PIC and FO began the process of accessing and acting on the various ECAM messages the SO was sent into the passenger cabin to attempt to visually observe the No. 2 engine. Once in the cabin area, a passenger who was also a company pilot, drew the SO’s attention to a tail-fin mounted camera image showing a fluid leak from the area of the left wing. The SO descended to the lower level and observed that fluid, in a stream about 18 inches wide, was flowing from the area of the No.2 engine though the turbine was not viewable from any position. He also saw damage to the left wing.

 

QF-32 wing damage/Thai Forum

 

QF-32 Turbine damage/Flightglobal.com

Back in the cockpit he reported his observations. The crew declined to attempt to further re-distribute remaining fuel because there were several ECAM messages suggesting there might be problems with the integrity of the fuel system. In addition to the known liquid leak, the ECAM was showing a fault to the aircraft’s fuel jettison feature ruling out that strategy as an option for reducing aircraft weight prior to landing.

The PIC and the SCC communicated frequently with the passengers via the public address system to keep them informed and the SCC and the SO visited the passenger cabin for the same purpose and to visually re-inspect both wings of the aircraft.

The flight crew began to think ahead to how all of the aircraft’s various degraded systems would affect a landing that would be about 100,000 lbs. over the maximum allowable landing weight. The various systems failures and the imbalances would make the approach and landing a hazardous affair. It took about 50 minutes in the racetrack pattern to go through the ECAM messages and to carefully assess the aircraft’s fly-ability. This included manual checks to confirm that the A-380 was controllable given the damage it had sustained.

Tomorrow:  Part 4 – Final Approach  (is posted HERE)

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Department of Near Miss: Too Much Info? – Part Two

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Qantas Flight 32 – Part Two

(This series begins with Part One HERE.)

QF-32, an Airbus A-380, lifted off from runway 20 center (20c) on a flight from Singapore’s Changi airport on a flight to Sydney, Australia on November 4, 2010. On board were 469 persons including a crew of 29 and 440 passengers.

The flight crewed consisted of a Captain (PIC-pilot in charge), a First Officer (FO), Second Officer(SO), a second captain undergoing training as a Check Captain(CC), and a Supervising Check Captain(SCC) overseeing that training. There was at least one other flight deck certified employee riding as a passenger in the cabin.

The pre-flight briefing included a discussion of the possible need to maneuver around an active volcano (Merapi) in Indonesia, and additional fuel was added for that reason. Take-off was smooth and landing gear and flaps had been retracted. As the aircraft climbed through 7,000 feet at 250 knots the flight crew heard two loud bangs. The PIC initiated altitude and heading control on the autopilot and the crew noticed a yaw and the auto thrust failed to slow the aircraft as it leveled off. The thrust levers were used to reduce speed.

The following minutes were occupied by attempts to understand and diagnose the problem. The ECAM initially displayed an engine overheat warning for the No. 2 engine. The ECAM also began to display multiple messages. As the FO initiated actions in response to ECAM messages, including reducing thrust on the No. 2 engine to idle, he noticed a brief message indicating a fire in that engine. The crew elected to shutdown the engine and subsequently discharged both of the fire extinguishing systems. The ECAM never confirmed the successful discharge of these systems.

Reuters / David Loh

They continued with the engine shutdown procedure which included fuel transfer to inner wing tanks and saw further messages related to Engines 1 and 4 operating in a "degraded" mode. They broadcast an alert message to Changi about their situation. The display for the No. 3 engine now indicated that it was operating in an "alternate" mode. Degraded or alternate messages meant that some engine or air data were not available.

The ECAM messages and warnings continued to flow in. Here is a partial list of the indications the flight crew were faced with during this time:
• Engines No 1 and 4 operating in a degraded mode
• GREEN hydraulic system – low system pressure and low fluid level
• YELLOW hydraulic system – engine No 4 pump errors
• Failure of the alternating current (AC) electrical No 1 and 2 bus systems
• Flight controls operating in alternate law
• Wing slats inoperative
• Flight controls – ailerons partial control only
• Flight controls – reduced spoiler control
• Landing gear control and indicator warnings
• Multiple brake system messages
• Engine anti-ice and air data sensor messages
• Multiple fuel system messages, including a fuel jettison fault
• Centre of gravity messages
• Auto thrust and auto land inoperative

As the crew focused on the air worthiness of the aircraft and the visual and aural ECAM messages they missed a call from the carrier’s Customer Service Manager (CSM.) The CSM used the emergency setting on the interphone system which activated the flight deck warning horn. The crew cancelled the horn without answering the call as they associated it with incoming ECAM warnings.

Despite the cascade of warnings and alerts the crew assessed the aircraft as flyable. The question was what to do next? Return immediately to Singapore? Initiate a climb or hold at the present altitude?

Tomorrow:  Part 3 – Off to the Racetrack (is posted HERE)

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Department of Near Miss: Too Much Info? – Part One

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Qantas Flight 32

The Airbus A-380 is a marvel in the air. (Or, rather a village in the air.) The all economy version of the super-jumbo jet can carry 800 passengers and crew more than a third of the way around the world. The A-380 is almost 50% larger than a Boeing-747 and has a second deck that stretches the length of the aircraft. It is enormous: it’s about eight stories high and 237 feet in length with a wingspan even longer—261 feet. The maximum take-off weight is 617 tons and the aircraft is powered by four engines, in the case of QF-32, by the Rolls Royce Trent 900.

A380 on takeoff.  (Gonzalez / Airplane-pictures.net)

There is great competition within the commercial aircraft industry to build planes that have the lowest achievable operating cost per passenger. A lighter aircraft that is very fuel efficient and that has a long range is likely to be more attractive to airlines that are closely watching the bottom line and struggling to turn a profit. The A-380 is so large that it can allow some carriers to reduce their number of weekly flights on a given route, a very attractive prospect.

The large capacity is partly due to the introduction of new light-weight materials in aircraft construction. Aluminum remains the material most often used but about 20% of the aircraft is a combination of high strength plastics and various carbon fiber combinations. The wing box, one of the strongest areas of any aircraft, is made entirely out of carbon fiber reinforced plastic on the A-380.

Airbus aircraft are also noted for their automated and highly sophisticated flight decks and flight control systems. Unlike their predecessors, there are no cables and pulleys running the length of the fuselage to move flight control surfaces. In fact, on the A-380, there isn’t a yoke at all, it has been replaced with a gamers’ joystick although it is placed off to the side, thus earning the name "side stick." The aircraft is controlled by a highly sophisticated and integrated series of computers which respond to pilot commands and are designed to only allow inputs that conform to operating specifications.

A380 cockpit photo by Naddsy

The flight deck has been compared to an office. There are few gauges, per se. It is a "glass cockpit" where flight and operating systems data are displayed on a series of video screens. The A-380 is equipped with an Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor (ECAM), which as the name suggests, is a key source of information regarding all aspects of the aircraft’s systems and performance. It is a redundant system that is designed to not only alert the flight crew of abnormalities, but to prioritize them in terms of their potential to affect flight safety using various colors and warning sounds. It also displays actions to be taken to deal with the detected fault. There are three levels of alert: Red, Amber and Caution. A red alert indicates a danger situation such as an engine fire or loss of cabin pressure requiring immediate action.

Tomorrow:  Part 2 – Bang!  (Part 2 is posted HERE.)

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Sameness

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What's Past is Prologue

In last week’s post (HERE) I compared firefighting and the tactics and casualties of the First World War as a means of discussing firefighter fatalities which drew the ire of at least one reader who responded that it was "pretentious", a choice of words that got me thinking, which is always a dangerous thing.

What was interesting was not that he found the comparison wrong or inappropriate (the similarities between firefighting and combat are so numerous as to speak for themselves) but rather that the idea of making a comparison would be controversial in the first place. We may like to define ourselves by our perceived differences, both personal and professional, but the truth is that our lives are defined by our sameness.

Humans are a species, and, as such, we have only cosmetic variations that in the context of real differences leave us virtually identical. Other differences are cultural or tribal and are patterns of behavior that can be altered, changed, learned or forgotten. Various religions are also a form of cultural behavior that are themselves hotly debated for their differences but that are often very similar as they mostly lay claim to a higher power to guide mortal life or give promise of an afterlife, or both. Our tribes, cultures and religions may give us meaning and a sense of belonging in life but even in that they accomplish a purpose that is essentially identical. It turns out that we all need the same things.

Human motivation is also the same—it is about the challenge of the scarcity of resources. For all of human time we have made decisions simple and complex, large and small, mundane and earth-shattering over the allocation of resources. The earliest peoples moved from place to place in search of life sustaining resources and adapted to various climates because of food, water and shelter. Expanding populations forced people into new areas and the "stronger" tribe forced the weaker tribes to move on to other places. All conflicts stem from, in one way or another, the belief in the need to control resources.

Pick any period and any place and the subtext for all activity is the complex challenge of people gaining control over the resources that are relevant in their time. Food, water, land, precious metals, and energy are the universal motivators for human behavior because they support life and represent power and wealth.

Our sense of modernity makes us view our predecessors as fundamentally different and also smugly translates into an undue sense of wisdom. Surely we must be smarter and better because of our mastery of electricity, gravity and incipient artificial intelligence. We shouldn’t feel guilty about that, though, as they thought the same about their first fire, the wheel, and the steam engine. Even in our smugness we are the same as our ancient ancestors though we can "tweet" to one another about our (false) feelings of superiority.

Viewed in the context of human motivation and similarity over all of history, the complexity of modern life and our uniqueness is a myth. Each and every generation fights the same battles and has the same inflated notion of importance and the sense that "now" is the special time. It isn’t. It’s just happens to be our time to make of it what we will. Which is a very long-winded way of saying that it’s not pretentious to make a comparison—it’s pretentious not to make one because in the words of the Bard, "What’s past is prologue."

………. Eric Lamar

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1914: The Guns of August

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Firefighting and the Great War

Ninety-seven years ago this month Europe’s leading nations clashed in what came to be known as "The Great War." Germany, Russia, England and France tumbled into a brawling maelstrom that would decimate an entire generation and re-define the tactics of warfare.

Though World War II would be deadlier, the Great War shattered the concept of innocence as slaughter was introduced onto the battlefield with a scope and regularity previously unknown. As comparison, the US fought the Vietnam War during which 58,212 Americans were killed. At the Battle of the Somme, which began on 1 July 1916, 19,240 British soldiers were killed–on the first day. A number equaling 1/3 of all the deaths in the 17-year Vietnam War was tallied in a single day on the fields of France, most of them before lunch. The scale of the carnage was astonishing.

While the politics of royalty may have started the war, the killing was fueled by technology and tactics which were famously mismatched. 20th century technology collided with stodgy 19th century battlefield tactics and the results were horrific. High explosive artillery shells, artillery with hydraulic recoil capability, Vickers and Maxim machine guns, flamethrowers and chemical weapons in tandem with stalemated, immobile troops engaged in trench warfare created a recipe for battlefield hell.

Much of this was made possible because leaders who led the Allies were steeped in the philosophy of offensive war making and tactics. Used to the moving battle complete with cavalry charges and quick marching advances they were utterly unprepared for the puzzles posed by static warfare where you could sing to, or along with, your enemies in the trenches across the way. Tens of thousands would die before commanders adjusted to the tactical reality of defensive war against a new generation of lethal weaponry.

Firefighting leadership, though on a much lesser scale, suffers a similar tactical conundrum but with a twist. The tools of "modern" firefighting allow for the placement of troops in extremely exposed positions. The combination of protective clothing, self-contained breathing apparatus, forced-air ventilation and even aerial apparatus allow firefighters to be placed rapidly into fire areas that are not under control and which represent marginal environments where any change in the equation can result in disastrous and irreversible consequences.

The professional "excuse" for placing firefighters into these exposed positions (and often the cause of their deaths) is for largely futile and mechanistic search and rescue activities. It is the Great War equivalent of the whistle blow ordering troops over the top of the trench and directly onto the barbed wire. It makes no sense but it was how the battle was (is) conducted. You can, with almost complete certainty, write the news story following the death of one or more firefighters and it will inevitably contain two sentences related to a catastrophic search effort:

"He had one thing in mind—find anyone left inside."

"Everyone made it out unharmed…"

(Those two sentences are quoted from the Asheville, NC, Citizen-Times story on the recent death of Jeff Bowen.)

At least two factors militate in favor of the ever increasing unpredictability of interior fire environments in non-sprinkled occupancies. The first is the use of composite and light weight building materials which decrease the ability for the structure to withstand fire damage making early, catastrophic or partial collapses possible. The second is the improvement in window fixtures that are vastly more robust and much less likely to fail early and which can be very difficult to open for controlled ventilation, escape or rescue. These are just two of the "poison gas" and "high explosive shells" we now face.

The tools of modern firefighting will continue to improve thus allowing troops to continue to enter unprotected forward environments for purposes often best classed as specious and absurd. It will ultimately be up to experienced firefighters and officers to change our tactics or risk being categorized in the manner of the man who led British Forces during World War 1. Field Marshal Douglas Haig was ever referred to as "the butcher."

………. Eric Lamar

Sources:
Barbara Tuchman
John Keegan
Martin Gilbert

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NIOSH, 9/11, WTC and Cancer

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NIOSH says, "No, for now."

First things first, NIOSH stands for National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. They are part of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) with whom they have often had a relationship that perhaps can best be described as strained. (Think of the CDC as a wealthy but stingy and slightly jealous mother-in-law.)

This rather modest "David" of a federal agency has become the "Goliath" in the post-9/11 responder health debate since they are effectively responsible for deciding which medical conditions will be covered under the $2.775 billion Victims Compensation Fund (VCF). Their entire annual budget is $300 million thus giving them out-sized influence in a highly controversial area, something they would probably prefer to do without.

NIOSH headquarters, Washington, D. C.

The Victims Compensation Fund operates through 2017. Importantly, during the first five years of the fund the maximum total payout is capped at $875 million with the "lion’s share", $1.9 billion, being paid out in the sixth year. Does this mean that congress expects the medical claims associated with 9/11 exposure to skyrocket in the out years?

The reaction to NIOSH’s decision, after a comprehensive literature review, to delay including cancer as a covered illness, has been predictable and unfortunate. NIOSH has come in for a shellacking from 9/11 responders and their families for failing to concede the obvious: they have been stricken with cancer and their work at Ground Zero is the reason.

But, not so fast. It is widely accepted that the resultant cancers from many occupational exposures take many years and sometimes decades to develop. NIOSH is simply doing their job by awaiting proof of 9/11 cancers to appear in medical journals and other treatment or research related documents. Criticizing them for adhering to professional standards is a little bit like the ignorant bystanders at a fire expecting firefighters to skip the supply line or SCBA so they can be quicker stretching a line: it may look good but the results could be disastrous.

All federal agencies are "political." NIOSH is part of the executive branch and they rely on Congress, part of the legislative branch, to provide them with funding. And, of course, depending on who is in the White House, the policy of these federal agencies can swing significantly, as it should. Having said (all of) that, NIOSH is consistently and appropriately dedicated to protecting the health of America’s workers regardless of who is in the WH or in the majority on the Hill. Their agenda is to make the workplace, wherever it may be, as safe as it can be made given constraints.

If cancer is a consequence of 9/11 duty, the studies will soon clearly show it and we can be sure that NIOSH will respond accordingly. Now is not the time to undermine the federal agency most dedicated to worker safety generally, and firefighter safety, specifically.

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Norway’s Apocalypse

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McVeigh and Breivik: Cowards of Chaos

A little more than a week ago, on 22 July, Norway suffered a devastating attack when Anders Behring Breivik first detonated a bomb in Oslo’s government quarter and then engaged in a child-centered killing spree on a nearby island retreat. Breivik has claimed responsibility though not criminal culpability for his actions, surely a chilling distinction.

Here in America some may unfortunately restrain their horror based on our experience with terror and the number killed–77. It is worthwhile to remember, however, that Norway is a very small country with less than 5 million citizens—77 is a huge number. Were the same proportion of our population to be killed in the US, the number of dead would be just under 5,000: many more fatalities than Oklahoma City, WTC 93 and 9/11 combined.

Breivik, so he says, is motivated by the outsized task of saving Europe from the scourges of multi-culturalism, specifically the integration of Muslims into western society typically through robust immigration policies. He has been variously described as "far-right", "ultranationalist" and an "Islamophobe." Initial descriptions of Breivik as "Christian Fundamentalist" have now been withdrawn as he discarded Christianity as a religion though he considers himself "culturally Christian", whatever that means.

Regardless of his stated reasons or his political proclivities, he chose as his target the current Norwegian government, by bombing it, and the future government, by attempting to destroy its formative members and leaders. Having killed dozens, he sheepishly surrendered to police as they arrived on the island of Utoya. So much for being a crusader.

An early blogger took exception with a characterization of Breivik as a Norwegian Tim McVeigh. For good or ill, that is exactly what he is.

 

Curiously, after perpetrating their heinous acts they chose to attempt to escape on the one hand and to meekly surrender on the other. Why?

They are most certainly cowards—they chose to attack unarmed defenseless civilians—Breivik specifically chose children and McVeigh referred to the daycare dead in Oklahoma City as collateral damage.

(And McVeigh’s steely stoicism on the death room gurney doesn’t count because a dearth of emotion is not a sign of bravery or courage but rather a textbook symptom of psychopathy.)

They were both possessed with grandiose visions of themselves where they saw their acts of horror contributing to some greater good. They represent an extreme form of narcissism where human life—other than their own—is without value.

A cherished aspect of free speech is the right to hold and to share views and ideas that others will consider extreme and ill-advised. McVeigh and Breivik prove that we are willing to accept that gift while failing to protect it with even commonsense steps. They prove that a perverted ideology coupled with the tools of destruction can (at least) threaten democracy.

Anders Breivik

Their weapons of choice were of the "mass destruction" variety. They both employed ammonium nitrate and Breivik used semi-automatic weapons including the Ruger mini-14 and a Glock pistol. (And dum-dum ammunition.) He also obtained ten 30-round magazines from the US. (Who says the US doesn’t export terror?)

It is reported that Norway has a large number of gun owners but a very low rate of gun-related violence so the presumption that they are anti-gun is not borne out. It will be interesting to see if, in the coming months, Norway moves to protect commonsense gun ownership rights while simultaneously stopping the proliferation of the types of guns and gun accessories that allow for mass-death attacks, something the US has utterly failed to accomplish, with Congresswoman Giffords, Judge Roll and others being the most recent "high-profile" victims.

For the last years for which data was available, Norway had 5 homicide gun deaths and the US had 9,484. If we had the same "gun culture" as Norway, a place where hunting and gun ownership is venerated, and by extension their gun homicide rate, US gun homicides would be 307 a year.

 We should ponder that.

……….. Eric Lamar

Firefighters and the “9/11 Truth Movement” – Conclusion

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Note: This is the conclusion of a 5-part commentary that has run each morning this week.
Begin reading the series with Part
One HERE.  Read Part Two HERE.
Read Part Three HERE.  Read Part Four HERE.

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Betraying Our Trust

Firefightersfor911truth.org’s call to action is wrapped in phony patriotic blather and emotional rhetoric replete with a revelation referring to Mr. Lawyer’s recent “awakening.”  I, for one, would prefer that he simply stayed asleep. When I read such sentences as “Now I am asking FOR YOUR HELP TO SAVE OUR BROTHERS, SISTERS, AND OUR COUNTRY!”, I begin to wonder about the motivation of such people, ten years after 9/11. 

At the very least it is evidence of a wildly inflated ego (SAVE OUR COUNTRY!) and it also expresses a profound and cynical lack of faith in democracy and our ethical systems. It is especially pernicious in that it exhorts firefighters to expend our hard earned public trust to further propaganda that is poisonous and hurtful.

It is also emblematic of our 21st century fame-obsessed culture where everyone lusts for their moment in the spotlight. (Until you have a website with a YouTube video where you speak at a press conference you haven’t really made it.) In addition, the ubiquity of the World Wide Web and the ease with which a site can be constructed now allows those with nothing substantive to say to do so loudly and with fervor. Christopher Hitchens refers to this vacuous dialogue as the “exhaust fumes of modern society.”

The most damning aspect of what Lawyer and his conspiracist-truther-cronies are doing involves the children of 9/11. Adults like you and me, and yes, eventually the spouses and adult relations of those who died can ignore or tune out the poison and filth but children cannot. In a culture exemplified by the non-stop and all but inescapable barrage of (dis)information, these young children, thanks to 9/11 conspiracists are doomed to deal on a daily basis with the anxiety and fear posed by the lies they hear about the deaths of their parents and close relations. (Your parents were murdered and their killers are all around you:  nice message for a ten-year-old.)

Yes, we should be outraged all right, but not at the supposed secret and nefarious forces controlling our country. Our anger should be directed instead at those who, in their destructive quest for self-worth and frenzied self gratification, will stop at nothing including the intentional infliction of pain on families who deserve the right to heal in peace. That’s a conspiracy worth fighting.

……………… Eric Lamar

Sources:
Wiki
NYT
9/11 Commission Report
Scientific American

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Firefighters and the “9/11 Truth Movement” – Part Four

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Note: This is Part Four of a 5-part commentary that is running each morning this week. Begin reading the series with Part One HERE.

Conspiracists: Prosecutor, Judge and Jury

9/11 Truthers set themselves up as the final arbiters of the factual relaibilty of all information. While clothing themselves in the American flag they recklessly disregard a fundamental tenet of our democratic culture: the accused is presumed innocent until proven guilty. In this case, all prior investigators of 9/11 regardless of their societal relationship are automatically tainted and suspect. Anyone and everyone who has taken on or been assigned the task of investigating or evaluating 9/11 has consciously failed to provide true and accurate information. Investigators are “called out” on alleged discrepancies with the thinly veiled suggestion that perceived omissions are strictly by design.

In the court of conspiracists normal rules of evidence do not apply. Neither does logic. In this inverted world hearsay is the coin of the realm and the most solid conclusions are refuted with pseudo-science, wacky assertions and quotes taken out of context.

Firefightersfor911truth.org largely hang their helmets on the alleged fact that NIST and others failed to follow relevant portions of NFPA standards during investigations and that the results are suspect or willfully incorrect and deceptive. They ignore the logic that one could complete an investigatory goal using any number of methods. The NFPA argument is essential to them because it is their niche within the greater “fill-in-the-blank-profession for 9/11 truthers” community. Is there a hairdressersfor9/11truth? How about linepaintersfor9/11truth? Or, perhaps the perfectly apt septictankhaulersfor911truth?

By their logic, all firefighter line-of-duty-deaths (LODDs) are conspiracies resulting from the failure of fire departments to effectively implement NFPA standards. After all, we can say with near certainty that if all NFPA standards were strictly adhered to, firefighter LODDs would be very few and far between. Failure to perfectly implement them is, therefore, prima facie evidence of a willful conspiracy to kill firefighters.

For example, under the “Erik Lawyer Rules” the January 5, 1995, Pang Fire in Seattle where four firefighters were killed is a string of conspiracies where leaders of the department purposely failed to prepare for or conduct firefighting operations in a manner designed to ensure the safety of members. We know this because the department suffered state penalties for unsafe operations and they also agreed to changes stemming from lawsuits initiated by relatives of those killed. They admitted their culpability and this proves that they are guilty. In the Pang incident the Fire Department knowingly kept from responding companies the crucial fact that the business had been the subject of arson threats. They conspired to place their own firefighters in a position where they would be fatally compromised.

These conspiracies are obvious and apparent for all to see.

Answer these questions:

-Why wouldn’t a modern fire department in such a large city follow basic safety rules?

-Why did they fail to fully implement NFPA standards?

- Why did they withhold key information from responders?

Finally, responding fire companies did not even have building plans, further evidence of a deliberate plot to cause the deaths of firefighters.

It is well past time to reopen the Pang fire investigation as the original one was full of false facts and scapegoating. Let’s go where the truth takes us—our country is at stake.

Had enough? This is how it looks (and feels) when firefighters are judged by the very standards that 9/11 conspiracists are using against honest, caring professionals who approach their mission with the same integrity and zeal as we do. The notion that “truthers” are doing so as firefighters and judging others by a standard they would themselves declare outrageous is proof positive of their disconnection from reality and their willingness to engage in character assassination on a broad scale for specious purposes. But that, my friends, is not the worst thing they are doing.

 Conclusion:  Betraying Our Trust is HERE.

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Firefighters and the “9/11 Truth Movement” – Part Three

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Note: This is Part Three of a 5-part commentary that is running each morning this week. Begin reading the series with Part One HERE.

Anatomy of a Conspiracist: Smarter Than the Average Bear?

The world can be a scary place: bad people do bad things and nature can be quite unforgiving. For those unprepared to negotiate the terrors of adult life there are two ready psychological palliatives: over-reliance on religion and conspiracy theories. Both are used to provide a comforting explanation for morally inexplicable acts and occurrences. In fact, the adoption of absurd conspiracies is, in itself, a form of religious practice where the devotee constructs a vast dogma out of disconnected facts or anomalies and thus provides a basis, however illogical, for an event that is otherwise deeply disturbing.

Ironically, conspiracists who themselves blame the public at large for being ignorant and gullible, readily shed all semblance of rationality or sanity to chase theories with less substance than thin air, literally. The assassination of a president, Pearl Harbor, and yes—9/11 reverberates through our lives requiring some to construct a set of beliefs that will allow them to understand a deeply painful event. This understanding typically insinuates that a complex master plan, such as the control of the world by a privileged few, is in play as a way of assuaging the discomfort of the chaotic occurrence.

It has been said that many conspiracists are chronically disaffected and alienated personalities who live on the fringes of society and have little or no substantive connection to the institutions or mechanisms upon which life is built. Their tenuous hold on life and the resulting displeasure it causes must be explained by someone or something and the notion that a devious master planner is at work can be effective, satisfying and frankly irresistible. It is a highly refined version of victimhood where one’s lack of self worth can be blamed on larger forces. One of the longest running conspiracist favorites is the New World Order gig where a wealthy cabal, usually Jews and bankers, or rather, Jewish bankers*, are running the World generally and the Federal Reserve specifically, so we even have a group to blame for our personal financial woes and shortcomings. (*In the strict conspiracist lexicon the phrase “Jewish Bankers” is redundant since all bankers are Jews.)

One aspect of the committed conspiracist that is especially irritating is the condescending “special knowledge” persona they display where they let you in on the fact that they have it ALL figured out and if you would just pay attention that things would be made clear. The “all figured out” is a jumble of pseudo-facts that appear to disprove a comprehensive rational explanation. Michael Shermer, writing in Scientific American, says, “The mistaken belief that a handful of unexplained anomalies can undermine a well-established theory lies at the heart of all conspiratorial thinking.” Shermer goes on to say that “Scientific theories are not built on single facts alone but on a convergence of evidence assembled from multiple lines of inquiry.” The raison d’être of the committed conspiracist is to assemble a false logic from a tangle of inane information in order to prove their worth, first to themselves and then to anyone gullible enough to believe them. Some of them are quite good at it.

Part Four, Conspiracists: Prosecutor, Judge and Jury is posted HERE.

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Firefighters and the “9/11 Truth Movement”- Part Two

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Note: This is Part Two of a 5-part commentary that will run each morning this week.  Begin reading the series  with Part One HERE.

 US Conspiracies: We Can Do That

Conspiracists are aided by the fact that in the US, and at the highest levels, we engage in a wide variety of conspiracies to shape events. Our contemporary history is a litany of high level government officials engaging in unscrupulous actions to influence world events.

- John Kennedy successfully conspired to overthrow South Vietnamese leader Ngo Ding Diem, resulting in Diem’s murder.

- Kennedy also sanctioned a number of CIA plots to kill Fidel Castro ranging from the comic to the absurd.

- Richard Nixon successfully conspired to overthrow Chile’s democratically elected president Salvador Allende who was subsequently killed.

- Nixon also conspired to cover-up his role in the botched break-in at Democratic Party headquarters at the Watergate Complex in Washington, DC. He resigned because of it.

-Ronald Reagan’s closest advisers approved financing Central American insurgents in a complicated, illegal and ultimately unsuccessful “money for missiles conspiracy” with Iran.

 What these events and others have in common is:

 -they involve generally small groups of very smart people who have the discipline, training and resources to keep a secret.

-they are a highly selective group chosen for their intellect, experience and for understanding the importance of information security.

-they are vetted exhaustively during the recruitment process to ensure that their personal and professional backgrounds lend support to their ability to engage in confidential work.

You might have noticed that these US conspiracies are widely known and documented in media and academia with scores of citations and ever expanding converging sources of information and affirmation. They are undisputed in the main because information about them, including participants, means and methods trickled out and then became a torrent of reliably vetted facts because of our congenital inability to hide the interesting or infamous. In our country, you just can’t keep a secret, especially a really good (or heinous) one.

In each case, and in dozens of other lesser ones, either a direct participant or a supporting person “spilled the beans” or evidence of the activities was available to reporters or researchers merely by looking, asking or filing a FOIA. And, conspiracists often choose to explain or interpret their actions in light of national security or patriotism. (The renowned Dr. Johnson famously said, “Patriotism is the last refuge of a scoundrel.” Always beware when folks, even firefighters, wrap themselves in Old Glory.)

Scoundrels we may be, but secret keepers we are most assuredly not.

The conclusion can only be that America is not conspiracy free but rather that we are historically incapable of keeping them quiet. Perhaps it is the combination of a (mostly free) press and the fact that no matter how secret the secret, everybody tells somebody.

Whatever the reason, the notion that Americans can perpetrate large (or even small) scale conspiracies and successfully maintain their secrecy is absurd, inane and ridiculous. Even the “single cell” conspiracies enumerated above fell apart quickly and completely under the scrutiny of the press and the public. The larger the alleged conspiracy, including ones involving the destruction of huge buildings and the deaths of thousands of people, the less likely that there is any truth in it or that it could be kept secret for ten seconds, much less ten years.

 Part Three:  Anatomy of a Conspiracist: Smarter Than the Average Bear? is HERE.

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Firefighters and the “9/11 Truth Movement” – Part One

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Note:  This is the first part of a 5-part commentary that will run each morning this week.

"Remember the Maine":  Our Love Affair with Conspiracy

I recently ran across a website, apparently under the control of a Seattle firefighter, Erik Lawyer, which asks firefighters to wake up and smell the 9/11 Thermite. Thermite is what 9/11 conspiracists insist was used to destroy the Twin Towers and Building 7. The website is a collection of recycled propaganda delivered in the outraged tone of committed conspiracists who stand ready and able to educate the ignorant and gullible masses about the secret and evil hands guiding our country. It calls for "an investigation" which presumes that no effective investigation has occurred. Lawyer asks, "What are they hiding?" and "Don’t we deserve the truth?" His questions infer either that there is something to hide or the presence of an evil force lying to US citizens.

I usually ignore such trash but it was sent by a non-firefighter with the note "this is legit." Lawyer says that "our communities trust us" and cites that as a reason for firefighters to sign a petition and to become involved in trafficking in absurdities and ridiculous assertions. Such folly can have grave implications. I sincerely hope we know better but I wouldn’t necessarily bet on that.

On February 15, 1898, the US Battleship Maine, moored in Havana Harbor in Cuba, exploded and sank taking with her a majority of the crew. There are at least three potential causes: undetected fire in a forward coal bunker leading to the detonation of black powder stored nearby, the striking of a mine or the intentional sinking of the ship. The second reason, a mine strike, was the one chosen as the pretext to go to war with Spain. Some have favored the more insidious rationale that we deliberately sank our own ship for the same purpose. To this day, despite over a hundred years of investigations, doubts remain. In fact, subsequent investigations, always employing "new" technology have allowed new "facts" and information to surface that fail to substantiate such a conspiracy.

The evidence supports the conclusion that a fire in the coal bunker did indeed ignite black powder and cause a devastating explosion. The continued notion of a deliberate conspiracy over the destruction of the Maine and her crew is evidence of our historical preoccupation with conspiracies as a way of explaining unpleasant events. Those who say we sank our own ship use a sad event to concoct a bogus story for their own gratification. Sound familiar?

Americans have an on-going fascination with the island of Cuba and we are always looking for ways to appropriate it. Ironically, in 1854, 44 years before the Maine, then President Franklin Pierce engaged in a conspiracy with a US diplomatic emissary to wrest Cuba from Spain in what has come to be known as the "Ostend Manifesto." But, more on Presidents and conspiracies tomorrow.

Saying the destruction of the Maine was a deliberate act of the US government or its agents is an earlier example of conspiracists at work. They saw in the catastrophe an omniscient force, one that had the power to shape world history by manipulating events in order to achieve a specific outcome. It is a reoccurring theme of conspiracists who see in great events such as wars, assassinations and even the Great Depression, the invisible hands of nefarious leaders plotting to control the world.

Conspiracists exploit perceived anomalies: any detail that appears to be in any way inconsistent is proof positive that the entire given explanation for an event is a contrived lie. But the method does not explain the madness of conspiracists. Just what is the attraction for those intent on seeing dark and evil shadows all around us?

Part Two:  US Conspiracies: We Can Do That is posted HERE.

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A Haircut Versus a Beheading

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A Little City With Big Problems

Central Falls, Rhode Island, looks headed for disaster this summer as the tiny city of 20K confronts an $80M unpaid bill for firefighter and police pension benefits. Robert Flanders, the state-appointed receiver (in itself hardly a good thing) has referred to the need for pensioners and others to engage in give-backs as a "haircut being better than a beheading."

Central Falls appears ready to follow in the footsteps of Prichard, Alabama, which recently declared bankruptcy, also over the crushing burden of pension obligations. In the case of Prichard, the end was foretold years in advance as city officials correctly forecast the demise of the unfunded pension system right on schedule.

As can be imagined, now is not exactly the time to be seeking help at the state level for fiscal problems. Rhode Island has refused to bail out Central Falls and is, itself in less than sanguine financial shape. Since the selling of municipal bonds to finance government debt is so widespread, municipalities of every size and level must ensure that their bond rating remains reasonably healthy lest they lose their ability to finance operations. Allowing Central Falls to capsize is a small price to pay.

According to the New York Times, if Central Falls were contributing the required amount to sustain the pension systems for police and firefighters, it would represent 57% of the local property tax revenue. This, of course, shines a bright light on the level of benefits for retirees which has been compared to being at the same level as much larger and more prosperous cities.

Aggravating the situation is the fact that Central Falls firefighters, like thousands of others nationwide, voluntarily do not participate in social security. Social security participation was once seen as unfair and redundant for municipal workers and they were effectively allowed to opt out. Perhaps that decision will appear unwise in retrospect as the sole source of retirement income dries up. Should firefighters who opted out of social security and now face the loss of retirement benefits be allowed to seek federal aid for their loss of benefits? That would hardly seem fair to the thousands of others who dutifully paid into social security as a back-up or secondary source of benefits.

Rhode Island has the highest per capita spending for firefighters in the nation as well as among the most aggressive labor rights. Given their state of crisis it will be interesting to see if correlations are drawn between the two.

……………. Eric Lamar

sources:
New York Times
Providence Journal

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Road Rage – Orange County Style (Commentary)

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The Wrong Way Round

Word sped out last week that two Orange County, Florida firefighters, one an officer and the other a driver, had received discipline after engaging in an apparent "road rage" incident while they responded to a call in the middle of the night. They apparently tailgated and then aggressively drove around a vehicle that did not move out of their way during the response.

Orange County rigs are equipped with electronic monitoring systems including video capability that are triggered when the vehicle exceeds set parameters. According to new reports, fire department administrators became aware of the matter as a result of this technology. Assuming that the crew knew that the rig was so equipped, it may be more of a commentary on their intellect than their driving skills if they engaged in reckless activity that they also knew would be captured and reported.

After an investigation, the fire department, in an act of no-nonsense, frontier justice, fired the 22-year veteran driver and demoted the officer to firefighter. Not only did they over-react, they managed to get it "the wrong way round."

The behavior was childish and appalling but firing someone who has worked for you for 22 years should be a last act born of desperation or because they have been convicted of a felony or other equally egregious offence. It should not occur because of a knuckle-headed episode goaded on by a supervisor.

If the offending actions were carried out not only in the presence of the officer-in-charge but with their full consent and even their participation, then the officer, and not the driver, should receive the most severe discipline. But again, termination is over-kill by several orders of magnitude unless there are other circumstances, including a prior history of very poor judgment or conduct.

One of the nation-wide symptoms of fire service leadership/management is the go-along/get along attitude that allows a creeping degradation of standards of behavior in (and out) of the fire house that eventually results in fire crews perpetrating acts that are stupid, reckless, or both. As usual, middle management, in the form of the battalion chief, is nowhere to be seen. It is as if the only role that battalion chiefs play is on the scene of an incident where they are at work. These managers have a day-to-day responsibility to ensure that the crews under their command are prepared and professional . In this case, were the chief to be "rung up" as well, then a real message would be sent. But we needn’t worry about that happening.

So, once again, we bring out the sledgehammer to kill the flea and miss the real point along the way. The better course of action would have been to give them both 6-months leave without pay and let their battalion chief bust rocks on the chain gang of administrative day work .

Sources:

http://www.firehouse.com/topics/firefighter-safety/fla-firefighters-accused-road-rage-fire-truck

http://www.firefighterclosecalls.com/news/fullstory/newsid/138430

http://www.myfoxorlando.com/dpp/news/orange_news/060811-firefighter-demoted-after-road-rage-caught-on-tape

………… Eric Lamar

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Friendly Fire: Tillman, Beddia, and Graffagnino

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The Tree of Guilt

Many are familiar with the basic details of the death of Army Ranger Pat Tillman in the mountains of Afghanistan on April 22, 2004. It was attended by a series of unseemly cover-ups before the US military was finally forced to admit that Tillman, for all of his apparent bravery, died at the hands of his fellow soldiers in a confused and running fire fight.  

 

Tillman comes to mind this week because the trial phase is ending in the case of three contractors charged with manslaughter in the deaths of FDNY firefighters Robert Beddia and Joseph Graffagnino who died while fighting a fire at the former Deutsche Bank Building located at 130 Liberty Street on August 18, 2007.  The original 41-story building was damaged during the 9/11 attacks.  At the time of the fire it was being de-constructed and was down to 26 stories.

The Gothamist

Those contractors, Jeffrey Melofchik, Mitchel Alvo and Salvatore DePaola, are to Beddia and Graffagnino, what the Afghan soldiers were to Pat Tillman.  They were players in a life and death drama but singling them out as the proximate cause of the fireground fatalities is effectively the same as asserting that the Afghanis fired the weapons that killed Tillman.  Saying it does not make it so.  Like the enemy troops who set the stage for Tillman’s company to mistake him for the enemy with deadly consequences, these contractors are simply the lowest hanging fruit on the tree of guilt. Where professional firefighters are concerned, they are nothing more than convenient scapegoats that nobody should feel good about.

Cover-ups can take many forms from the destroy the evidence and lying type in the Tillman affair to the more subtle sort characterized by internal reports that receive little real scrutiny or the attachment of primary blame to persons with tangential responsibility. The latter is surely the case with the Deutsche Bank fire.

FDNY, with all of its blemishes and imperfections is the nation's most experienced fire department.  The level of activity and the size of the enterprise have resulted in a firefighting force that is characterized by great professionalism and superb capabilities.  Ironically, it's no stretch to consider them the "rangers" of the American fire service.  But rangers, as the Tillman case proves, can also make terrible mistakes.

What happened on Liberty Street that day?  The official report is a litany of gross errors and misjudgments:

-  Firefighters were committed to extremely exposed and dangerous positions in an abandoned building under active demolition.

-  It took over 80 minutes to obtain a reliable water supply.

-  Desperate calls for help went unheard and unanswered.

-  Fire crews split up losing accountability and control.

It was by any measure an operational nightmare and it appears that those most responsible–senior fire commanders and FDNY department leaders– all but escaped accountability. That accountability is now being borne by those indicted who had nothing to do with the actual actions that killed Beddia and Graffagnino. Should they be found guilty it will be false and empty justice mostly because those who allowed the event to unfold as it did are watching from safely outside the courtroom. Perhaps as importantly, it may allow firefighters to escape the very painful lessons of that day as real responsibility is lost in a fantasy of justice.

The US Army learned a bitter lesson with the death of Pat Tillman: if you are really serious about preventing the tragedy of friendly fire incidents, attempting to gloss them over or cover them up is folly. The only thing worse than a glossing over is pinning the real blame on others to avoid the painful realization that firefighters are chiefly responsible for the Deutsche Bank deaths.

At the end of the Tillman affair, after the cover-ups and lies, US Army Secretary Pete Geren had this to say:

"Give them the truth as we know it, as fast as we can."

Wise words to live by and Joseph Graffagnino and Robert Beddia deserve no less.

………. Eric Lamar

sources:
U. S. Army  (mil.com)
NYFD
Wiki
New York Times

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Close to Home ….

6 comments

…. And Getting Personal

Note:  A recent article in the Washington Post reported on the conclusion of a jury trial in which a sexual harrassment complainant was awarded a settlement.  The original incident took place in 2001.  For background you can read the STORY HERE.

Questions Asked During a Fairfax County Fire and Rescue Department (FCFRD) Recruitment Interview:

Does your husband approve of this profession?

Do you enjoy having sex with more than one partner?

Do you like to be watched while you masturbate?

First, a disclosure: I was affiliated with FCFRD from 1975 to 1998 and I know many of the persons referenced in US District Court Judge Cacheris’s Memorandum .

Fairfax, often seen as an innovator, once again moves to the front of the line by introducing blatant sexual harassment as part of the hiring process. Why wait till the fire house if you can start during the interview process?

The County’s attorneys, famous for pursuing odious cases that damage the institutional fabric of the community and the agencies involved, did their lawyerly best to destroy plaintiff’s claims that sex toy inquiries do not a happy work place make. The jury thought otherwise, taking all of three hours to decide that $250K is the direct cost to taxpayers when fire officers add sex-based questions to the interview process.

Defendant’s likely motivation? He’s lazy, of course. He employed the Bill Clinton/John Ensign "look no further than those I have power over" approach to lining up the next orgasm. The judge (and I’ll bet the jury) took special offence to the defendant’s repeated assertions that he "knew things about her", a gross power play that smacks of blackmail or coercion.

This case is especially egregious as it involved a prospective employee and the perpetrator was a supervisor. Once it was brought to light, management’s no nonsense and courageous response was a letter of reprimand and a transfer, actions sure to strike mortal fear in the hearts of sexual harassers everywhere. Actual leaders would, of course, understand that since their own managers were engaging in such conduct that something a little more costly than a reprimand would be necessary. But not in Fairfax, apparently.

Judge Cacheris’s memorandum details a fire-rescue department immersed in a culture saturated with sexual banter, and worse. One fire fighter said ‘he "knows" that comments such as "tea bagging" [a slang term for oral sex] and "protein shake," a slang term for ejaculation, happen "everyday" both at his fire station and others and "that is how [the Department]is[, and] it has always been like that…’

And, there are other shoes to drop. Another federal trial alleging more sexual harassment is slated to begin next month, apparently involving some of the same players. At least it should make the deposition process easier. Maybe the attorneys will offer a two-for-one discount, though I doubt it.

But seriously, in the "management’s always right" Commonwealth of Virginia, Fairfax County’s attorneys will once again line up behind the knuckleheads, waste another million bucks or so and permanently alienate women in the FCFRD. What they should do instead, is take a hard look at the abysmal lack of leadership that gave rise to this ship wreck and make some changes before the whole operation glides beneath the waves in a most ungraceful fashion. But I won’t hold my breath for that.

To end on a slightly tangential but never-the-less relevant note, it is these cases that give the lie to all of the apocalyptic prophecies regarding gays and lesbians serving in the military or uniformed services. With but the most rare of exceptions, heterosexuals are in absolute and total command of both the workplace sex and sexual harassment fields and are not destined to relinquish claim to either in the foreseeable future. The specter of randy "queers" invading the workplace cruising for easy sex is insulting, ridiculous, and absurd. That job is already "firmly in hand", no pun intended, and Fairfax is the most recent proof of that.

……… Eric Lamar

 

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